![]() sRGB colors are additive (transmissive, radiant), which means sRGB colors reach their maximum Chroma at Lightness values that are not representative of the Lightness values at which surface (reflective, subtractive) colors, and specifically paint colors, reach their maximum Chroma.But using this approach to make a hue-based color palette doesn't guarantee that the visually most important hues are included in the palette. Picking a color at hue angles located every "X" degrees around a color wheel might seem like a logical way to build a color palette.But actually any color palette consisting of a selection of the most saturated colors in the sRGB color space makes a terrible color palette for painting, for three reasons: I bet you thought that I was going to tell you why the HSV color palette is bad and the LCh color palette is good. Why both of these "every 30 degrees pick the most saturated colors" color palettes are useless The "every 30 degrees" LCh hue angles in between LCh h=60 and LCh h=300 are increasingly distant from the sRGB color space cusps. For example the LCh hue angle 60 is one degree away from the HSV hue angle 30, and the LCh hue angle 300 is one degree away from the HSV hue angle 240. The "every 30 degrees LCh" color palette shown above doesn't include any of the sRGB cusps, though some of the colors land more or less close to some of the sRGB cusps. LCh uses distance from origin (Chroma) and hue angle to locate colors, instead of the perhaps more familiar LAB a-b axis coordinates. LCh is a polar transform of the LAB color space, which in turn is a perceptually uniform transform of the XYZ reference color space. The Primary cusps are at HSV 0, 120, and 240 degrees (sRGB Red, Green, and Blue), and the Secondary cusps are at 60, 180, and 300 degrees (sRGB Yellow, Cyan, and Magenta). The "every 30 degrees HSV" color palette shown above includes the sRGB color space's Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary cusps. HSV is derived from RGB and so varies from one RGB color space to the next. Notice that the "every 30 degrees HSV colors" oversample yellow greens and violet blues. Right: Both sets of "every 30 degrees pick the most saturated colors", side-by-side in the same color palette.Middle: LCh color palette shows a selection of the most saturated possible sRGB colors, this time spaced every 30 "LCh hue degrees" around the LCh color wheel, starting with LCh hue=30 at the top (to make the HSV and LCh colors line up better).Left: HSV color palette showing a selection of the most saturated sRGB colors, spaced every 30 "HSV Hue degrees" around the sRGB HSV color wheel, starting with HSV Hue=0/360 at the top.But it doesn't produce a useful color palette unless your goal is to splash as many highly saturated colors as possible onto your screen: Totally useless HSV and LCh color palettes, made by picking the most saturated possible sRGB colors every 30 degrees around the HSV and LCh color wheels This is an easy way to make a color palette. Then pick the most saturated possible sRGB color at the specified hue intervals, starting usually at hue=0 and proceeding all the way around the color wheel.Pick a hue interval such as every 10, 15, or 30 degrees.GIMP mostly only provides HSV and LCh, but some painting and editing programs provide additional color spaces such as HSL and HSY. ![]() How to make useless color palettes Two useless color palettes:Īn easy way to make an sRGB color palette is to: Modifying color palettes to eliminate colors that can't be printed.Saturation as the ratio of LCh Chroma to Lightness. ![]() ![]()
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